Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-3-2022
Publication Title
Journal of Diabetes Research
Volume
2022
Pages
1-10
Publisher Name
Hindawi
Abstract
Aim. To determine the efficacy and safety of vitamin D3 supplementation in reducing depressive symptoms in women with type 2 diabetes (T2D), depression, and low vitamin D. Methods. In this double-blind randomized active comparator-controlled trial, women with significant depressive symptoms as assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale received weekly oral vitamin D3 supplementation (50,000 IU) or an active comparator (5,000 IU) for 6 months. Assessments of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D], and depression were measured at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Results. A total of 129 women were randomized, from which 119 completed the study (57 in lower dose and 62 in higher dose). Participants had an average 25 (OH) D and HbA1c of 20.8 ng/mL and 7.8%, respectively, at baseline. They were diverse (48% Black) and had a mean age of 50 and T2D for about 8 years. Upon completion of vitamin D3 supplementation, serum 25 (OH) D levels increased with 50,000 IU (+34 ng/mL) and 5,000 IU (+10 ng/mL). There was no difference in CES-D scores by treatment dose. Overall, depressive symptoms significantly improved over time with an average CES-D decline of 12.98 points (95% CI: −15.04 to −10.93; ). Among women with moderate baseline depressive symptoms, those receiving the lower dose had nominally lower depression scores at follow-up than those in the higher dose cohort. Among women with severe baseline depressive symptoms, the improvement in follow-up depression scores was the same regardless of dose. Conclusions. There was no difference in the dosing effect of vitamin D3 supplementation for the treatment of depressive symptoms in women with T2D who present with significant symptoms and low vitamin D. Regardless of the dose, participants’ mood improved over time. Further study of vitamin D to target depressive symptoms in comorbid populations is needed.
Recommended Citation
Penckofer, Sue PhD; Ridosh, Monique; Adams, William Howard; Grzesiak, Meghan; Woo, Jennifer; Byrn, Mary; Kouba, Joanne PhD, RDN, LDN; Sheean, Patricia M.; Kordish, Colleen; Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon; Wallis, Diane; Emanuele, Mary Ann; and Halaris, Angelos. Vitamin D Supplementation for the Treatment of Depressive Symptoms in Women with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2022, : 1-10, 2022. Retrieved from Loyola eCommons, Nursing: School of Nursing Faculty Publications and Other Works, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4090807
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright Statement
© The Authors, 2022.
Comments
Author Posting © The Authors, 2022. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The article was published in the Journal of Diabetes Research, Volume 2022, March 2022, https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4090807