Human Trafficking in Nursing Education: A Literature Review
Problem
Human trafficking is a global public health crisis affecting approximately 24.9 million people. In the United States, trafficking has been reported in all 50 states and territories. 69% of victims reported accessing health services. 85% of those visits directly related to the exploitation. 57% of survivors report that they were never asked trafficking assessment questions during visits. Nurses are critical in identifying individuals trapped in trafficking. Research showed that a lack of understanding and awareness of “red flags” may lead to many missed opportunities at recognizing and rescuing victims. A national survey of 644 nursing students showed that <5% felt confident in recognizing the signs of human trafficking.
Purpose
The purpose of this literature review is to synthesize the literature on the inclusion of human trafficking education within nursing education.
Search strategy
The keywords "human trafficking," "nursing education," "curriculum” were used in the PubMed, CINAHL, and Psychinfo databases.
Results of literature search
Of the 159 articles, eight aligned with the purpose and inclusion criteria of this literature review.
Synthesis of evidence
The literature on human trafficking in nursing education is sparce and fell into three categories: research with nursing students and nurse educators, and a faculty guide on incorporating human trafficking in nursing education. Simulations, online education modules, classroom activities, clinical case scenarios were commonly used in nursing education literature. Education improved knowledge and confidence levels of students in recognizing and caring for victims.
Implications for practice
Research shows that human trafficking content is not present in most pre-licensure nursing curricula. Nursing schools must incorporate human trafficking education to prepare nurses for practice.
Human Trafficking in Nursing Education: A Literature Review
