Intergenerational Transmission of Health Behaviors Associated with Lifestyle Diseases: A Systematic Review

Author(s) Information

Josefina CorralFollow

Problem

Dismantling generational cycles of lifestyle diseases starts with an ability to acknowledge them and employ targeted prevention and intervention measures. Lifestyle diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are often transmitted intergenerationally by the nature of genetics, environment, and behavior.

Purpose

This systematic review explores the intergenerational transmission of health behaviors associated with lifestyle diseases, such as cardiometabolic disease, mental health, and obesity.

Search strategy

A literature review was conducted using the databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and PubMed, with search terms focused on the association of intergenerational transmission and health behaviors. The search was not limited to specific populations.

Results of literature search

Of the 267 publications identified, 36 studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies varied by health behaviors, generational influences, moderators, and outcomes. The data was categorized by health behavior, generational influence, and moderators. The outcomes evaluated included lifestyle diseases. Sample size ranged from 22 to 59,653 participants per study, including children, parents, and/or grandparent participant dyads.

Synthesis of evidence

The extant literature divides intergenerational transmission of modifiable risk behaviors into three categories, behavioral, environmental, or biological, that work synergistically to improve lifestyle diseases or exacerbate these chronic conditions. Direct or indirect pathways impact modifiable health outcomes.

Implications for practice

The findings from this literature review highlight the mechanisms and moderators that alter lifestyle diseases. Understanding the many pathways is important for practitioners caring for patients and their families, as well as policymakers making healthcare decisions.